Max bielefeldt



FIP7909 a itl'tttttttit MAX BIELEFELDT, or KALK, NEAR ooLooxe, GERMANY.

Ysxptosivr. COMPOUND.

"EEHOIFICATXON forming part of Letters Patent No:fi'lfififfitirttcd[.pritQOyiBBG;

Application filed October 3'2. [985. Serial X0. 190,585, (X0 specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I. Max BlliLl-ZFICLUT, a

' citizen of Germany, and resident at Kalk,near

poured over it iu a finsti'eain'thronglia rose. '20

Cologne, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Explosive Compounds, of which the following is a specitieation.

the production of explosives tratcd substances the nitro glyccrine can with l l l l Thisinvention is based on the fact that in by means of niadva itage; be wholly or partly replaced by a 1 solution of nitrate ofammonia in water of amuionia. Thcimprcgnation of intro-cellulose ensues on explosion; second, 1 has neutralizing action on the wood-celluwood saw-- 'Ihe'residue that remains on the sieve after f this operation should be crushed and treated again in the same manner.

The water of ammonia employed should be concentrated to twenty-five per cent., and'be of a specific ot' the explosive to gravity 0.9933 to 0.9709. The process dill'ers according to the rapidity ofnction or strength j to say, ifa quickly exploding compound or a more slowly exploding but more powerful compound is required.

, To produce themost powerful explosive, nitro-glycerine is mixed with nitrated woodcellulose containing as small as possible an amount of resinous matter. The sawdustof .pine wood which has been en freed from resin, or, better still, alder-wood or lime-tree sawdust, which is naturally free from resin,

is put,in small quantities at a-tiinointo nitroglycerine, the sawdust in a perfectly dry condition having been previously moi ened with a little ammonia.

'Solt nitro-wood-celluloses deprived of rosin possess the property, unlike other woody substances, of combinin with nitro glycerine when heated by a water bat-Informing a platic mass which can be easily worked up into cartridges.

The energy of the explosive may be reduced by using a smaller quantity of nit ro glycerin: in the manufacture of the explosive.

be mannfactnrcd -that is vcntion, a reduced quantity of nitro-glycerine In order that the material shall possess sufficient coherence and plasticity for making cartridges, I proceed as follows: A weighed quantity of nitro-glycerine is mixed with a corresponding quantity of nitratcd wood-och lulose which has previously absorbed a solu tion (up to fifty per cent.) of equal parts of nitrate of ammonia. in water of ammonia of about one to twenty-five per cent. By this means two advantages are obtained: first,a firm and coherent cartridge may be made which contains only thirty per cent. of nitroglycerine, and yet possesses an energy equal to a Kicsclguhr dynamite containing seventytive per cent. of nitroglycerine, this result being due to the perfect combustion which the ammonia lose, which is impnrtantwhcn pine dust which has not been entirely freed from resin and acid is used. The nitro-wood-cellulose prepared as above is now mixed with nitro-glyccrine in the usual manner, and the cartridges prepared therefrom. Collodioncotton may be added: but this is quite annecessary.

As already mentioned, according to this inmay be used or maybe entirely dispensed with, and even in the latter case theexplosive is much more powerful than compressed blasting-powder.

The relative amounts of the constituents of this new explosive differ according to the purpose for which it is destined; but the following may be taken as an average:

(a) When nitro glyccrine is used: nitro-glye crinc, .75to one per cent; nitratcd wood-cellulose,twcnty-fivc to ni ncty-tive per cent.; nitrate of ainmonia, one to twenty-five per cent.; water of ammonia, one to twenty-live per cent.; and accessory substances, nitrated cotton-wool, (collodion-cottom) ten to twenty per cent.

(b \Vithont nitro-glyccrine: nitratcd wood cellulose, forty-five per cent.; nitratcd cottonwoohfcollodioncotton,) five per ccnt.; nitrate of ammonia, twenty-five per cent.; water of ammonia, twenty-five per cent.

The explosive substance prepared according Y Ilees quantity of nitroglycerine than Kies- ,Havingthua described my invention and elgnhr dynamite of seventy five per cent. the manner of employing the same, Ielaim- I nitro-gl oerine,possesesarnuch more povi'erfnlv 1. An explosive mixtnre consisting of nitroflction it an the latter, burns completelyJe'zwcellnlose'ina solution ofnitrate or ammonia'in 2o 5 ing no residue, produces a less quantity 0 H water-of ammonia, asset forth. injurious ges,'and' is less sensitive to dampl 2. An explosivenilxtnre consisting of nitro- "e85, eold,and percussion than theKieselgul rj :glycerine'and nitrocellulose with nitrate of compositions and other modern'explosives. j ammonizi in water 0! ammonia, asspe'cified. Whenthisnewexplosive( which 1' term nm- X Intestimony whereoflhavesigned my name '25 lo'moniacellnlose dynaniite) contains scventyto this specification in the presence of two five per cent-..-nitro;glycerine, it is nlmosti subscribing witnesses.--

cqnal'to pureblasting-gelatine; It being possible to'recluce the nitroglycerine to one per cent., or even to dispense with V '5 it altogether, the ex plosive force may be considerably varied.

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